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Al-Naysaburi, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim (fl. early fifth/eleventh centuries)

Arzina R. Lalani

Arzina R. Lalani

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...al-Naysaburi, Ahmad ibn Ibrahim A distinguished Shi‘i Isma‘ili scholar, Ahmad al-Naysaburi lived during the golden period of the Fatimid dynasty in Egypt. Very little personal information is available about al-Naysaburi, but his talent...

Husayn, Taha (1889–1973)

Oliver Leaman

Oliver Leaman is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, USA. He is the author and editor of books on Islamic philosophy and philosophy in general. Author affiliation details are correct at time of print publication.

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...Husayn, Taha Taha Husayn is best known for his contribution to Arabic literature, but he was a significant philosophical thinker also. Born in upper Egypt in 1889, from the age of two he went blind. He memorized the Qur’an and went to Cairo...

Dhu’l-Nun Al-Misri, Abu al-Fayd Thawban b. Ibrahim (180–245/796–859)

Patrick O’Donnell

Patrick O’Donnell

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...ibn Khallikan, Ahmad ibn Muhammad Dhu’l nun al-Misri, Abu al-Fayd ʿAttar Thawban b. Ibrahim al-Misri was born in Ikhmim, the capital city of Copts in Upper Egypt, around 180/796 and died in Jiza in 245/859. He was an early major...

Al-Sha‘Arani, ‘Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ahmad (c. 898–973/c. 1493–1565)

Oliver Leaman

Oliver Leaman is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, USA. He is the author and editor of books on Islamic philosophy and philosophy in general. Author affiliation details are correct at time of print publication.

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...‘Abd al-Wahhab ibn Ahmad al- Sha‘arani Sha‘arani was a descendant, he says, of Musa Abu ‘Imran, the son of the sultan of Tlemcen and a follower of the Sufi shaykh Abu Madyan Shu‘ayb (d. 594/1197). The shaykh sent his ancestor to Egypt...

Al-Tahtawi, Rifa‘a Rafi‘ (1801–73)

Oliver Leaman

Oliver Leaman is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, USA. He is the author and editor of books on Islamic philosophy and philosophy in general. Author affiliation details are correct at time of print publication.

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...Born in Egypt in 1801, al-Tahtawi became a huge figure in the Islamic Renaissance (Nahda) movement. As his name suggests, he came from Tahta, from a modest background but with a claim to descent from the Prophet. He went to al-Azhar...

Al-Shadhili, Abu’l Hasan (c. 583–656/c. 1187–1258)

Oliver Leaman

Oliver Leaman is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, USA. He is the author and editor of books on Islamic philosophy and philosophy in general. Author affiliation details are correct at time of print publication.

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...Abu’l Hasan ‘Ali ibn ‘Abd al-Jabbar al-Shadhili was born in Ghumara in Morocco, in the Rif area of the Atlas mountains, of distinguished ancestry. He had a traditional religious education and quite quickly indicated an interest in Sufism...

Badawi, ‘Abd al-Rahman (1917–2002)

Oliver Leaman

Oliver Leaman is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, USA. He is the author and editor of books on Islamic philosophy and philosophy in general. Author affiliation details are correct at time of print publication.

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...‘Abd al-Rahman Badawi Badawi was born on February 4, 1917, in a village on the outskirts of Damietta, Egypt. He studied at the University of Cairo, later teaching there and at the University of Heliopolis. He is the author of more than...

Ibn Al-Nafis, ‘Ali ibn Abi al-Haram (607–87/1210–88)

Oliver Leaman

Oliver Leaman is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Kentucky, USA. He is the author and editor of books on Islamic philosophy and philosophy in general. Author affiliation details are correct at time of print publication.

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...‘Ali ibn Abi al-Haram ibn al-Nafis was born in Syria, studied in the hospital in Damascus, and later moved to Cairo to pursue a career as a physician. He became the head physician there, serving as the personal physician of the ruler. He...

Al-Shafi‘i, Muhammed ibn Idris (150–204/767–819)

Muharrem Kılıç

Muharrem Kılıç

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...ibn Hanbal, Ahmad Abu ‘Abdullah Muhammed b. Idris al-Qurashi was born in Gaza or Asqalan in 150/767 and died in Cairo in 204/819. He was the founder of the Shafi‘ite legal school in Islam. His family belonged to the Quraysh tribe. His...

Qutb, Sayyid (1906–66)

Kiki Kennedy-Day

Kiki Kennedy-Day

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...Qutb, Sayyid Sayyid Qutb Ibrahim Shadhili was born on October 9, 1906, in Musha, a village of Asyut (Egypt). He died on August 29, 1966, in Cairo, having been executed after being declared a violent activist by the Egyptian government....